[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"landing-trending":3,"cve-CVE-2025-38042":30,"landing-articles":73},{"count":4,"next":5,"previous":6,"results":7},266,"http:\u002F\u002Fweb:8606\u002Fapi\u002Ftrending_attacks\u002F?page=2&page_size=3&sorted_by=-published_at",null,[8,17,20],{"id":9,"title":10,"summary":11,"published_at":12,"severity":13,"vendor":14,"products":15},265,"Google Brotli decoder - Remote Code Execution via compressed requests (Exploitation Check)","This control is the second step of the Patrowl response to CVE-2026-111497 (Node2Shell). It complements the first control of 22 October 2026, which focused on the Node.js runtime, and does not replace it.\r\n\r\nWhy a second control\r\n\r\nCVE-2026-111497 is an out-of-bounds write in the Google Brotli decoder, the library that decompresses Brotli (\"br\") data. It was first published as a Node.js vulnerability, because Node.js bundles this decoder. Later publications showed that the flaw is in the library itself. Every product that embeds an affected version of the decoder is concerned, whatever its language or vendor. A public proof of concept demonstrates code execution.\r\n\r\nAny server that decompresses request bodies sent with \"Content-Encoding: br\" exposes the decoder to unauthenticated attackers. Known cases include Express 5 and NestJS 11 on Node.js, Koa and Fastify setups, Bun, Envoy and Istio with request decompression enabled, and any application or reverse proxy that decodes Brotli request bodies with an affected library.\r\n\r\nThe flaw also works in the other direction. A malicious server can compromise an unpatched client that decodes a Brotli response, for example Node.js fetch(), Python clients (requests, httpx, aiohttp, Scrapy) with the Brotli or brotlicffi package, or libcurl builds with Brotli support.\r\n\r\nWhat this control checks\r\n\r\nPatrowl sends small, valid Brotli-compressed requests to each asset and observes whether the server decodes them. The check does not depend on the technology: it detects the behaviour, whatever the stack behind it. These requests are what any legitimate client could send. They never reach the vulnerable code path and cannot affect the availability of the service.\r\n\r\nHow to read the result\r\n\r\nPotentially impacted means the asset decodes Brotli request bodies: the attack surface is exposed. It does not confirm that the asset is vulnerable. The version of the Brotli decoder in use is not visible from the outside.\r\n\r\nThis check covers applications that parse request bodies on their root path. A Not impacted result does not rule out exposure on other routes, nor on the client side. Checking the versions on the servers remains the only exhaustive verification.\r\n\r\nAffected and fixed versions\r\n\r\nGoogle Brotli 1.0.3 to 1.2.0 are affected, fixed in 1.0.10, 1.1.1 and 1.2.1. Fixed releases of the main products embedding it: Node.js 22.23.4, 24.22.1 and 26.12.1 (end-of-life lines 20.x and older and 25.x receive no fix), Bun 1.4.4, Envoy 1.37.8, 1.38.6, 1.39.3 and 1.40.0, Istio 1.29.9, 1.30.6 and 1.31.2, Python Brotli 1.2.1 and brotlicffi 1.2.1.0. Products that link against the system library depend on the Brotli package of the Linux distribution.\r\n\r\nRecommendations\r\n\r\nUpdate every component that embeds the Brotli decoder (only real fix). Start with the assets flagged by this control. Restart the processes after the update. Rebuild containers, single-executable applications and appliances that bundle an affected runtime or library.\r\n\r\nReduce the exposure until the update is deployed. Reject requests with \"Content-Encoding: br\" at the reverse proxy, load balancer or WAF, case-insensitively and including lists such as \"gzip, br\". On Envoy and Istio, disable request decompression for Brotli.\r\n\r\nReview outbound calls. List the features that fetch content from servers you do not control, and patch the services that host them first.","2026-10-24T10:37:22.192753Z",4,"google",[16],"brotli",{"id":4,"title":10,"summary":18,"published_at":12,"severity":13,"vendor":14,"products":19},"This control is the second step of the Patrowl response to CVE-2026-111497 (Node2Shell). It complements the first control of 22 October 2026, which focused on the Node.js runtime, and does not replace it.\r\n\r\nWhy a second control\r\n\r\nCVE-2026-111497 is an out-of-bounds write in the Google Brotli decoder, the library that decompresses Brotli (\"br\") data. It was first published as a Node.js vulnerability, because Node.js bundles this decoder. Later publications showed that the flaw is in the library itself. Every product that embeds an affected version of the decoder is concerned, whatever its language or vendor. A public proof of concept demonstrates code execution.\r\n\r\nAny server that decompresses request bodies sent with \"Content-Encoding: br\" exposes the decoder to unauthenticated attackers. Known cases include Express 5 and NestJS 11 on Node.js, Koa and Fastify setups, Bun, Envoy and Istio with request decompression enabled, and any application or reverse proxy that decodes Brotli request bodies with an affected library.\r\n\r\nThe flaw also works in the other direction. A malicious server can compromise an unpatched client that decodes a Brotli response, for example Node.js fetch(), Python clients (requests, httpx, aiohttp, Scrapy) with the Brotli or brotlicffi package, or libcurl builds with Brotli support.\r\n\r\nWhat this control checks\r\n\r\nPatrowl sends small, valid Brotli-compressed requests to each asset and observes whether the server decodes them. The check does not depend on the technology: it detects the behaviour, whatever the stack behind it. These requests are what any legitimate client could send. They never reach the vulnerable code path and cannot affect the availability of the service.\r\n\r\nHow to read the result\r\n\r\nPotentially impacted means the asset decodes Brotli request bodies: the attack surface is exposed. It does not confirm that the asset is vulnerable. The version of the Brotli decoder in use is not visible from the outside.\r\n\r\nThis check covers applications that parse request bodies on their root path. A Not impacted result does not rule out exposure on other routes, nor on the client side. Checking the versions on the servers remains the only exhaustive verification.\r\n\r\nTwo situations are possible. When the decoding is done by your own application or reverse proxy, identify the component and update it. If an update is not possible right away, reject requests with \"Content-Encoding: br\" at the reverse proxy or WAF.\r\n\r\nWhen the asset is hosted on a managed platform or behind a CDN (for example Platform.sh, Upsun or Fastly), the decoding may be done by the provider's edge router, in front of your application. You cannot patch it yourself, but this router handles all the traffic of your site. Ask your provider to confirm that its edge components are patched against CVE-2026-111497. Assets hosted on a managed platform or behind a CDN carry the tag \"paas: platform.sh\" or \"cdn: fastly\" in the asset view: for these assets, the Brotli decoding is done by the provider's edge router, in front of your application, and only the provider can patch it.\r\n\r\nAffected and fixed versions\r\n\r\nGoogle Brotli 1.0.3 to 1.2.0 are affected, fixed in 1.0.10, 1.1.1 and 1.2.1. Fixed releases of the main products embedding it: Node.js 22.23.4, 24.22.1 and 26.12.1 (end-of-life lines 20.x and older and 25.x receive no fix), Bun 1.4.4, Envoy 1.37.8, 1.38.6, 1.39.3 and 1.40.0, Istio 1.29.9, 1.30.6 and 1.31.2, Python Brotli 1.2.1 and brotlicffi 1.2.1.0. Products that link against the system library depend on the Brotli package of the Linux distribution.\r\n\r\nRecommendations\r\n\r\nUpdate every component that embeds the Brotli decoder (only real fix). Start with the assets flagged by this control. Restart the processes after the update. Rebuild containers, single-executable applications and appliances that bundle an affected runtime or library.\r\n\r\nReduce the exposure until the update is deployed. Reject requests with \"Content-Encoding: br\" at the reverse proxy, load balancer or WAF, case-insensitively and including lists such as \"gzip, br\". On Envoy and Istio, disable request decompression for Brotli.\r\n\r\nContact your edge provider about the status of the pathing (Fastly \u002F Plateform.sh)\r\n\r\nReview outbound calls. List the features that fetch content from servers you do not control, and patch the services that host them first.",[16],{"id":21,"title":22,"summary":23,"published_at":24,"severity":13,"vendor":25,"products":26},263,"Oracle Java SE JSSE - Improper Access Control & Unauthorized Data Access & Unauthorized Data Modification","Oracle Java SE is the Java runtime and development platform. Its JSSE (Java Secure Socket Extension) component provides TLS\u002FSSL for secure network communication. Oracle GraalVM is a JDK distribution based on the same platform.\r\n\r\nCVE-2026-91403\r\n\r\nA vulnerability in the JSSE component of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK and Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition can be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker with network access over multiple protocols. A successful attack can give unauthorized access to critical data and allow unauthorized creation, deletion or modification of data. It can also affect sandboxed Java Web Start applications and applets that run untrusted code. The record lists the weakness as CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) in the CISA ADP entry, while another database lists CWE-295. The record lists these affected versions:\r\n- Oracle Java SE: 8u511, 8u511-perf, 11.0.33, 17.0.21, 21.0.13, 25.0.5, 27.0.1.\r\n- Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.21, 21.0.13.\r\n- Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.20.\r\n\r\nOracle published an out-of-cycle Security Alert on October 21, 2026. One secondary source says the fix makes Java distrust eight compromised intermediate CA certificates shipped with the JDK. The Oracle-focused sources do not confirm this root cause, so check it against the Oracle advisory. CISA ADP SSVC data shows Exploitation: none, Automatable: yes, Technical Impact: total. The CVE is not in the CISA KEV catalog as of October 22, 2026, and its EPSS score is below 1%.","2026-10-23T14:12:32.871954Z","Oracle",[27,28,29],"Oracle Java SE","Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition","Oracle GraalVM for JDK",{"id":31,"cve_id":32,"euvd_id":33,"summary":34,"published":35,"cvss_data":36,"is_remote":47,"cwes":48,"cpes":49,"technologies":51,"references":53,"score":56,"epss_score":57,"epss_percentile":58,"is_kev":47,"cisa_kev_date_added":6,"cisa_kev_due_date":6,"cisa_ssvc":59,"attack_mappings":65,"exploits":72},80862,"CVE-2025-38042","EUVD-2025-18610","In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndmaengine: ti: k3-udma-glue: Drop skip_fdq argument from k3_udma_glue_reset_rx_chn\n\nThe user of k3_udma_glue_reset_rx_chn() e.g. ti_am65_cpsw_nuss can\nrun on multiple platforms having different DMA architectures.\nOn some platforms there can be one FDQ for all flows in the RX channel\nwhile for others there is a separate FDQ for each flow in the RX channel.\n\nSo far we have been relying on the skip_fdq argument of\nk3_udma_glue_reset_rx_chn().\n\nInstead of relying on the user to provide this information, infer it\nbased on DMA architecture during k3_udma_glue_request_rx_chn() and save it\nin an internal flag 'single_fdq'. Use that flag at\nk3_udma_glue_reset_rx_chn() to deicide if the FDQ needs\nto be cleared for every flow or just for flow 0.\n\nFixes the below issue on ti_am65_cpsw_nuss driver on AM62-SK.\n\n> ip link set eth1 down\n> ip link set eth0 down\n> ethtool -L eth0 rx 8\n> ip link set eth0 up\n> modprobe -r ti_am65_cpsw_nuss\n\n[  103.045726] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[  103.050505] k3_knav_desc_pool size 512000 != avail 64000\n[  103.050703] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 450 at drivers\u002Fnet\u002Fethernet\u002Fti\u002Fk3-cppi-desc-pool.c:33 k3_cppi_desc_pool_destroy+0xa0\u002F0xa8 [k3_cppi_desc_pool]\n[  103.068810] Modules linked in: ti_am65_cpsw_nuss(-) k3_cppi_desc_pool snd_soc_hdmi_codec crct10dif_ce snd_soc_simple_card snd_soc_simple_card_utils display_connector rtc_ti_k3 k3_j72xx_bandgap tidss drm_client_lib snd_soc_davinci_mcas\np drm_dma_helper tps6598x phylink snd_soc_ti_udma rti_wdt drm_display_helper snd_soc_tlv320aic3x_i2c typec at24 phy_gmii_sel snd_soc_ti_edma snd_soc_tlv320aic3x sii902x snd_soc_ti_sdma sa2ul omap_mailbox drm_kms_helper authenc cfg80211 r\nfkill fuse drm drm_panel_orientation_quirks backlight ip_tables x_tables ipv6 [last unloaded: k3_cppi_desc_pool]\n[  103.119950] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 450 Comm: modprobe Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7-00001-g9c5e3435fa66 #1011\n[  103.119968] Hardware name: Texas Instruments AM625 SK (DT)\n[  103.119974] pstate: 80000005 (Nzcv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\n[  103.119983] pc : k3_cppi_desc_pool_destroy+0xa0\u002F0xa8 [k3_cppi_desc_pool]\n[  103.148007] lr : k3_cppi_desc_pool_destroy+0xa0\u002F0xa8 [k3_cppi_desc_pool]\n[  103.154709] sp : ffff8000826ebbc0\n[  103.158015] x29: ffff8000826ebbc0 x28: ffff0000090b6300 x27: 0000000000000000\n[  103.165145] x26: 0000000000000000 x25: 0000000000000000 x24: ffff0000019df6b0\n[  103.172271] x23: ffff0000019df6b8 x22: ffff0000019df410 x21: ffff8000826ebc88\n[  103.179397] x20: 000000000007d000 x19: ffff00000a3b3000 x18: 0000000000000000\n[  103.186522] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 000001e8c35e1cde\n[  103.193647] x14: 0000000000000396 x13: 000000000000035c x12: 0000000000000000\n[  103.200772] x11: 000000000000003a x10: 00000000000009c0 x9 : ffff8000826eba20\n[  103.207897] x8 : ffff0000090b6d20 x7 : ffff00007728c180 x6 : ffff00007728c100\n[  103.215022] x5 : 0000000000000001 x4 : ffff000000508a50 x3 : ffff7ffff6146000\n[  103.222147] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : e300b4173ee6b200 x0 : 0000000000000000\n[  103.229274] Call trace:\n[  103.231714]  k3_cppi_desc_pool_destroy+0xa0\u002F0xa8 [k3_cppi_desc_pool] (P)\n[  103.238408]  am65_cpsw_nuss_free_rx_chns+0x28\u002F0x4c [ti_am65_cpsw_nuss]\n[  103.244942]  devm_action_release+0x14\u002F0x20\n[  103.249040]  release_nodes+0x3c\u002F0x68\n[  103.252610]  devres_release_all+0x8c\u002F0xdc\n[  103.256614]  device_unbind_cleanup+0x18\u002F0x60\n[  103.260876]  device_release_driver_internal+0xf8\u002F0x178\n[  103.266004]  driver_detach+0x50\u002F0x9c\n[  103.269571]  bus_remove_driver+0x6c\u002F0xbc\n[  103.273485]  driver_unregister+0x30\u002F0x60\n[  103.277401]  platform_driver_unregister+0x14\u002F0x20\n[  103.282096]  am65_cpsw_nuss_driver_exit+0x18\u002F0xff4 [ti_am65_cpsw_nuss]\n[  103.288620]  __arm64_sys_delete_module+0x17c\u002F0x25c\n[  103.293404]  invoke_syscall+0x44\u002F0x100\n[  103.297149]  el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0xc0\u002F0xe0\n[  103.301845]  do_el0_svc+0x1c\u002F0x28\n[  103.305155]  el0_svc+0x28\u002F0x98\n---truncated---","2025-06-18T10:15:00Z",{"cvss_v3.1":37},{"scope":38,"version":39,"baseScore":40,"attackVector":41,"baseSeverity":42,"vectorString":43,"integrityImpact":44,"userInteraction":44,"attackComplexity":45,"availabilityImpact":46,"privilegesRequired":45,"confidentialityImpact":44},"UNCHANGED","3.1",5.5,"LOCAL","MEDIUM","CVSS:3.1\u002FAV:L\u002FAC:L\u002FPR:L\u002FUI:N\u002FS:U\u002FC:N\u002FI:N\u002FA:H","NONE","LOW","HIGH",false,[],[50],"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",[52],"Linux Linux Kernel",[54,55],"https:\u002F\u002Fgit.kernel.org\u002Fstable\u002Fc\u002F0da30874729baeb01889b0eca16cfda122687503","https:\u002F\u002Fgit.kernel.org\u002Fstable\u002Fc\u002Fd0dd9d133ef8fdc894e0be9aa27dc49ef5f813cb",0.28,0.00229,0.13579,{"timestamp":6,"automatable":60,"tech_impact":61,"exploitation":62,"cisa_decision":63,"cisa_remediation_timeline":64},"no","partial","none",{},"FSU",[66],{"name":67,"source":68,"tactics":69,"technique_id":71},"Exploitation for Privilege Escalation","attack_vector",[70],"privilege-escalation","T1068",[],{"count":74,"next":75,"previous":6,"results":76},26,"http:\u002F\u002Fweb:8606\u002Fapi\u002Farticles\u002F?page=2&page_size=3&sorted_by=-published_at",[77,85,93],{"id":78,"title":79,"summary":80,"published_at":81,"type":82,"link":83,"image_url":84},30,"PHP2Shell: Two Critical RCE Flaws in PHP (CVSS 9.2)","Unauthenticated code execution demonstrated on WordPress, Drupal and Joomla, and reproduced in our lab. Patched versions and steps to take today.","2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","cve","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fphp2shell-2-critical-rce-flaws-php-cvss-9-2","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fmedia\u002Fsite\u002Fc0615c4ee6-1792684469\u002Fphp2shell-2-critical-rce-flaws-php-cvss-9-2.png",{"id":86,"title":87,"summary":88,"published_at":89,"type":90,"link":91,"image_url":92},29,"Manage External Security Across All Your Entities","Centralize the management of entities, users and external security resources while maintaining strict data isolation with Patrowl.","2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","security tips","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fmulti-entity-external-security-how-structure-governance-group-level","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fmedia\u002Fsite\u002F8b2c0cc5eb-1789551467\u002Fvisu_1_multi_tenancy_dark_1x.webp",{"id":94,"title":95,"summary":96,"published_at":97,"type":98,"link":99,"image_url":100},28,"Will AI Become the Next Hacker? Bruce Schneier Answers at DEF CON 34","Tax law, finance, legislation: Bruce Schneier shows how AI could hack human rule systems just as easily as it hacks software.","2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","hacks","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fbruce-schneier-def-con-34","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fmedia\u002Fsite\u002F5c616d9db4-1789462598\u002Fai-hacker.en.png"]