[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"landing-trending":3,"cve-CVE-2025-38091":30,"landing-articles":79},{"count":4,"next":5,"previous":6,"results":7},266,"http:\u002F\u002Fweb:8606\u002Fapi\u002Ftrending_attacks\u002F?page=2&page_size=3&sorted_by=-published_at",null,[8,17,20],{"id":9,"title":10,"summary":11,"published_at":12,"severity":13,"vendor":14,"products":15},265,"Google Brotli decoder - Remote Code Execution via compressed requests (Exploitation Check)","This control is the second step of the Patrowl response to CVE-2026-111497 (Node2Shell). It complements the first control of 22 October 2026, which focused on the Node.js runtime, and does not replace it.\r\n\r\nWhy a second control\r\n\r\nCVE-2026-111497 is an out-of-bounds write in the Google Brotli decoder, the library that decompresses Brotli (\"br\") data. It was first published as a Node.js vulnerability, because Node.js bundles this decoder. Later publications showed that the flaw is in the library itself. Every product that embeds an affected version of the decoder is concerned, whatever its language or vendor. A public proof of concept demonstrates code execution.\r\n\r\nAny server that decompresses request bodies sent with \"Content-Encoding: br\" exposes the decoder to unauthenticated attackers. Known cases include Express 5 and NestJS 11 on Node.js, Koa and Fastify setups, Bun, Envoy and Istio with request decompression enabled, and any application or reverse proxy that decodes Brotli request bodies with an affected library.\r\n\r\nThe flaw also works in the other direction. A malicious server can compromise an unpatched client that decodes a Brotli response, for example Node.js fetch(), Python clients (requests, httpx, aiohttp, Scrapy) with the Brotli or brotlicffi package, or libcurl builds with Brotli support.\r\n\r\nWhat this control checks\r\n\r\nPatrowl sends small, valid Brotli-compressed requests to each asset and observes whether the server decodes them. The check does not depend on the technology: it detects the behaviour, whatever the stack behind it. These requests are what any legitimate client could send. They never reach the vulnerable code path and cannot affect the availability of the service.\r\n\r\nHow to read the result\r\n\r\nPotentially impacted means the asset decodes Brotli request bodies: the attack surface is exposed. It does not confirm that the asset is vulnerable. The version of the Brotli decoder in use is not visible from the outside.\r\n\r\nThis check covers applications that parse request bodies on their root path. A Not impacted result does not rule out exposure on other routes, nor on the client side. Checking the versions on the servers remains the only exhaustive verification.\r\n\r\nAffected and fixed versions\r\n\r\nGoogle Brotli 1.0.3 to 1.2.0 are affected, fixed in 1.0.10, 1.1.1 and 1.2.1. Fixed releases of the main products embedding it: Node.js 22.23.4, 24.22.1 and 26.12.1 (end-of-life lines 20.x and older and 25.x receive no fix), Bun 1.4.4, Envoy 1.37.8, 1.38.6, 1.39.3 and 1.40.0, Istio 1.29.9, 1.30.6 and 1.31.2, Python Brotli 1.2.1 and brotlicffi 1.2.1.0. Products that link against the system library depend on the Brotli package of the Linux distribution.\r\n\r\nRecommendations\r\n\r\nUpdate every component that embeds the Brotli decoder (only real fix). Start with the assets flagged by this control. Restart the processes after the update. Rebuild containers, single-executable applications and appliances that bundle an affected runtime or library.\r\n\r\nReduce the exposure until the update is deployed. Reject requests with \"Content-Encoding: br\" at the reverse proxy, load balancer or WAF, case-insensitively and including lists such as \"gzip, br\". On Envoy and Istio, disable request decompression for Brotli.\r\n\r\nReview outbound calls. List the features that fetch content from servers you do not control, and patch the services that host them first.","2026-10-24T10:37:22.192753Z",4,"google",[16],"brotli",{"id":4,"title":10,"summary":18,"published_at":12,"severity":13,"vendor":14,"products":19},"This control is the second step of the Patrowl response to CVE-2026-111497 (Node2Shell). It complements the first control of 22 October 2026, which focused on the Node.js runtime, and does not replace it.\r\n\r\nWhy a second control\r\n\r\nCVE-2026-111497 is an out-of-bounds write in the Google Brotli decoder, the library that decompresses Brotli (\"br\") data. It was first published as a Node.js vulnerability, because Node.js bundles this decoder. Later publications showed that the flaw is in the library itself. Every product that embeds an affected version of the decoder is concerned, whatever its language or vendor. A public proof of concept demonstrates code execution.\r\n\r\nAny server that decompresses request bodies sent with \"Content-Encoding: br\" exposes the decoder to unauthenticated attackers. Known cases include Express 5 and NestJS 11 on Node.js, Koa and Fastify setups, Bun, Envoy and Istio with request decompression enabled, and any application or reverse proxy that decodes Brotli request bodies with an affected library.\r\n\r\nThe flaw also works in the other direction. A malicious server can compromise an unpatched client that decodes a Brotli response, for example Node.js fetch(), Python clients (requests, httpx, aiohttp, Scrapy) with the Brotli or brotlicffi package, or libcurl builds with Brotli support.\r\n\r\nWhat this control checks\r\n\r\nPatrowl sends small, valid Brotli-compressed requests to each asset and observes whether the server decodes them. The check does not depend on the technology: it detects the behaviour, whatever the stack behind it. These requests are what any legitimate client could send. They never reach the vulnerable code path and cannot affect the availability of the service.\r\n\r\nHow to read the result\r\n\r\nPotentially impacted means the asset decodes Brotli request bodies: the attack surface is exposed. It does not confirm that the asset is vulnerable. The version of the Brotli decoder in use is not visible from the outside.\r\n\r\nThis check covers applications that parse request bodies on their root path. A Not impacted result does not rule out exposure on other routes, nor on the client side. Checking the versions on the servers remains the only exhaustive verification.\r\n\r\nTwo situations are possible. When the decoding is done by your own application or reverse proxy, identify the component and update it. If an update is not possible right away, reject requests with \"Content-Encoding: br\" at the reverse proxy or WAF.\r\n\r\nWhen the asset is hosted on a managed platform or behind a CDN (for example Platform.sh, Upsun or Fastly), the decoding may be done by the provider's edge router, in front of your application. You cannot patch it yourself, but this router handles all the traffic of your site. Ask your provider to confirm that its edge components are patched against CVE-2026-111497. Assets hosted on a managed platform or behind a CDN carry the tag \"paas: platform.sh\" or \"cdn: fastly\" in the asset view: for these assets, the Brotli decoding is done by the provider's edge router, in front of your application, and only the provider can patch it.\r\n\r\nAffected and fixed versions\r\n\r\nGoogle Brotli 1.0.3 to 1.2.0 are affected, fixed in 1.0.10, 1.1.1 and 1.2.1. Fixed releases of the main products embedding it: Node.js 22.23.4, 24.22.1 and 26.12.1 (end-of-life lines 20.x and older and 25.x receive no fix), Bun 1.4.4, Envoy 1.37.8, 1.38.6, 1.39.3 and 1.40.0, Istio 1.29.9, 1.30.6 and 1.31.2, Python Brotli 1.2.1 and brotlicffi 1.2.1.0. Products that link against the system library depend on the Brotli package of the Linux distribution.\r\n\r\nRecommendations\r\n\r\nUpdate every component that embeds the Brotli decoder (only real fix). Start with the assets flagged by this control. Restart the processes after the update. Rebuild containers, single-executable applications and appliances that bundle an affected runtime or library.\r\n\r\nReduce the exposure until the update is deployed. Reject requests with \"Content-Encoding: br\" at the reverse proxy, load balancer or WAF, case-insensitively and including lists such as \"gzip, br\". On Envoy and Istio, disable request decompression for Brotli.\r\n\r\nContact your edge provider about the status of the pathing (Fastly \u002F Plateform.sh)\r\n\r\nReview outbound calls. List the features that fetch content from servers you do not control, and patch the services that host them first.",[16],{"id":21,"title":22,"summary":23,"published_at":24,"severity":13,"vendor":25,"products":26},263,"Oracle Java SE JSSE - Improper Access Control & Unauthorized Data Access & Unauthorized Data Modification","Oracle Java SE is the Java runtime and development platform. Its JSSE (Java Secure Socket Extension) component provides TLS\u002FSSL for secure network communication. Oracle GraalVM is a JDK distribution based on the same platform.\r\n\r\nCVE-2026-91403\r\n\r\nA vulnerability in the JSSE component of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK and Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition can be exploited by an unauthenticated attacker with network access over multiple protocols. A successful attack can give unauthorized access to critical data and allow unauthorized creation, deletion or modification of data. It can also affect sandboxed Java Web Start applications and applets that run untrusted code. The record lists the weakness as CWE-284 (Improper Access Control) in the CISA ADP entry, while another database lists CWE-295. The record lists these affected versions:\r\n- Oracle Java SE: 8u511, 8u511-perf, 11.0.33, 17.0.21, 21.0.13, 25.0.5, 27.0.1.\r\n- Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.21, 21.0.13.\r\n- Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.20.\r\n\r\nOracle published an out-of-cycle Security Alert on October 21, 2026. One secondary source says the fix makes Java distrust eight compromised intermediate CA certificates shipped with the JDK. The Oracle-focused sources do not confirm this root cause, so check it against the Oracle advisory. CISA ADP SSVC data shows Exploitation: none, Automatable: yes, Technical Impact: total. The CVE is not in the CISA KEV catalog as of October 22, 2026, and its EPSS score is below 1%.","2026-10-23T14:12:32.871954Z","Oracle",[27,28,29],"Oracle Java SE","Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition","Oracle GraalVM for JDK",{"id":31,"cve_id":32,"euvd_id":33,"summary":34,"published":35,"cvss_data":36,"is_remote":46,"cwes":47,"cpes":48,"technologies":56,"references":58,"score":62,"epss_score":63,"epss_percentile":64,"is_kev":46,"cisa_kev_date_added":6,"cisa_kev_due_date":6,"cisa_ssvc":65,"attack_mappings":71,"exploits":78},98780,"CVE-2025-38091","EUVD-2025-19734","In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm\u002Famd\u002Fdisplay: check stream id dml21 wrapper to get plane_id\n\n[Why & How]\nFix a false positive warning which occurs due to lack of correct checks\nwhen querying plane_id in DML21. This fixes the warning when performing a\nmode1 reset (cat \u002Fsys\u002Fkernel\u002Fdebug\u002Fdri\u002F1\u002Famdgpu_gpu_recover):\n\n[   35.751250] WARNING: CPU: 11 PID: 326 at \u002Ftmp\u002Famd.PHpyAl7v\u002Famd\u002Famdgpu\u002F..\u002Fdisplay\u002Fdc\u002Fdml2\u002Fdml2_dc_resource_mgmt.c:91 dml2_map_dc_pipes+0x243d\u002F0x3f40 [amdgpu]\n[   35.751434] Modules linked in: amdgpu(OE) amddrm_ttm_helper(OE) amdttm(OE) amddrm_buddy(OE) amdxcp(OE) amddrm_exec(OE) amd_sched(OE) amdkcl(OE) drm_suballoc_helper drm_ttm_helper ttm drm_display_helper cec rc_core i2c_algo_bit rfcomm qrtr cmac algif_hash algif_skcipher af_alg bnep amd_atl intel_rapl_msr intel_rapl_common snd_hda_codec_hdmi snd_hda_intel edac_mce_amd snd_intel_dspcfg snd_intel_sdw_acpi snd_hda_codec kvm_amd snd_hda_core snd_hwdep snd_pcm kvm snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event snd_rawmidi crct10dif_pclmul polyval_clmulni polyval_generic btusb ghash_clmulni_intel sha256_ssse3 btrtl sha1_ssse3 snd_seq btintel aesni_intel btbcm btmtk snd_seq_device crypto_simd sunrpc cryptd bluetooth snd_timer ccp binfmt_misc rapl snd i2c_piix4 wmi_bmof gigabyte_wmi k10temp i2c_smbus soundcore gpio_amdpt mac_hid sch_fq_codel msr parport_pc ppdev lp parport efi_pstore nfnetlink dmi_sysfs ip_tables x_tables autofs4 hid_generic usbhid hid crc32_pclmul igc ahci xhci_pci libahci xhci_pci_renesas video wmi\n[   35.751501] CPU: 11 UID: 0 PID: 326 Comm: kworker\u002Fu64:9 Tainted: G           OE      6.11.0-21-generic #21~24.04.1-Ubuntu\n[   35.751504] Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE\n[   35.751505] Hardware name: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd. X670E AORUS PRO X\u002FX670E AORUS PRO X, BIOS F30 05\u002F22\u002F2024\n[   35.751506] Workqueue: amdgpu-reset-dev amdgpu_debugfs_reset_work [amdgpu]\n[   35.751638] RIP: 0010:dml2_map_dc_pipes+0x243d\u002F0x3f40 [amdgpu]\n[   35.751794] Code: 6d 0c 00 00 8b 84 24 88 00 00 00 41 3b 44 9c 20 0f 84 fc 07 00 00 48 83 c3 01 48 83 fb 06 75 b3 4c 8b 64 24 68 4c 8b 6c 24 40 \u003C0f> 0b b8 06 00 00 00 49 8b 94 24 a0 49 00 00 89 c3 83 f8 07 0f 87\n[   35.751796] RSP: 0018:ffffbfa3805d7680 EFLAGS: 00010246\n[   35.751798] RAX: 0000000000010000 RBX: 0000000000000006 RCX: 0000000000000000\n[   35.751799] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000005 RDI: 0000000000000000\n[   35.751800] RBP: ffffbfa3805d78f0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000\n[   35.751801] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffbfa383249000\n[   35.751802] R13: ffffa0e68f280000 R14: ffffbfa383249658 R15: 0000000000000000\n[   35.751803] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffffa0edbe580000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[   35.751804] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[   35.751805] CR2: 00005d847ef96c58 CR3: 000000041de3e000 CR4: 0000000000f50ef0\n[   35.751806] PKRU: 55555554\n[   35.751807] Call Trace:\n[   35.751810]  \u003CTASK>\n[   35.751816]  ? show_regs+0x6c\u002F0x80\n[   35.751820]  ? __warn+0x88\u002F0x140\n[   35.751822]  ? dml2_map_dc_pipes+0x243d\u002F0x3f40 [amdgpu]\n[   35.751964]  ? report_bug+0x182\u002F0x1b0\n[   35.751969]  ? handle_bug+0x6e\u002F0xb0\n[   35.751972]  ? exc_invalid_op+0x18\u002F0x80\n[   35.751974]  ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1b\u002F0x20\n[   35.751978]  ? dml2_map_dc_pipes+0x243d\u002F0x3f40 [amdgpu]\n[   35.752117]  ? math_pow+0x48\u002F0xa0 [amdgpu]\n[   35.752256]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5\u002F0xfbef5\n[   35.752260]  ? math_pow+0x48\u002F0xa0 [amdgpu]\n[   35.752400]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5\u002F0xfbef5\n[   35.752403]  ? math_pow+0x11\u002F0xa0 [amdgpu]\n[   35.752524]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5\u002F0xfbef5\n[   35.752526]  ? core_dcn4_mode_programming+0xe4d\u002F0x20d0 [amdgpu]\n[   35.752663]  ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5\u002F0xfbef5\n[   35.752669]  dml21_validate+0x3d4\u002F0x980 [amdgpu]\n\n(cherry picked from commit f8ad62c0a93e5dd94243e10f1b742232e4d6411e)","2025-07-02T15:15:00Z",{"cvss_v3.1":37},{"scope":38,"version":39,"baseScore":40,"attackVector":41,"baseSeverity":42,"vectorString":43,"integrityImpact":42,"userInteraction":44,"attackComplexity":45,"availabilityImpact":42,"privilegesRequired":45,"confidentialityImpact":42},"UNCHANGED","3.1",7.8,"LOCAL","HIGH","CVSS:3.1\u002FAV:L\u002FAC:L\u002FPR:L\u002FUI:N\u002FS:U\u002FC:H\u002FI:H\u002FA:H","NONE","LOW",false,[],[49,50,51,52,53,54,55],"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*",[57],"Linux Linux Kernel",[59,60,61],"https:\u002F\u002Fgit.kernel.org\u002Fstable\u002Fc\u002F2ddac70fed50485aa4ae49cdb7478ce41d8d4715","https:\u002F\u002Fgit.kernel.org\u002Fstable\u002Fc\u002F6f47d7408133631a1b178f8a04e79aee189ef046","https:\u002F\u002Fgit.kernel.org\u002Fstable\u002Fc\u002Fc53f23f7075c9f63f14d7ec8f2cc3e33e118d986",0.39,0.00173,0.06686,{"timestamp":6,"automatable":66,"tech_impact":67,"exploitation":68,"cisa_decision":69,"cisa_remediation_timeline":70},"no","partial","none",{},"FSU",[72],{"name":73,"source":74,"tactics":75,"technique_id":77},"Exploitation for Privilege Escalation","attack_vector",[76],"privilege-escalation","T1068",[],{"count":80,"next":81,"previous":6,"results":82},26,"http:\u002F\u002Fweb:8606\u002Fapi\u002Farticles\u002F?page=2&page_size=3&sorted_by=-published_at",[83,91,99],{"id":84,"title":85,"summary":86,"published_at":87,"type":88,"link":89,"image_url":90},30,"PHP2Shell: Two Critical RCE Flaws in PHP (CVSS 9.2)","Unauthenticated code execution demonstrated on WordPress, Drupal and Joomla, and reproduced in our lab. Patched versions and steps to take today.","2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","cve","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fphp2shell-2-critical-rce-flaws-php-cvss-9-2","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fmedia\u002Fsite\u002Fc0615c4ee6-1792684469\u002Fphp2shell-2-critical-rce-flaws-php-cvss-9-2.png",{"id":92,"title":93,"summary":94,"published_at":95,"type":96,"link":97,"image_url":98},29,"Manage External Security Across All Your Entities","Centralize the management of entities, users and external security resources while maintaining strict data isolation with Patrowl.","2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","security tips","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fmulti-entity-external-security-how-structure-governance-group-level","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fmedia\u002Fsite\u002F8b2c0cc5eb-1789551467\u002Fvisu_1_multi_tenancy_dark_1x.webp",{"id":100,"title":101,"summary":102,"published_at":103,"type":104,"link":105,"image_url":106},28,"Will AI Become the Next Hacker? Bruce Schneier Answers at DEF CON 34","Tax law, finance, legislation: Bruce Schneier shows how AI could hack human rule systems just as easily as it hacks software.","2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","hacks","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fen\u002Fblog\u002Fbruce-schneier-def-con-34","https:\u002F\u002Fpatrowl.io\u002Fmedia\u002Fsite\u002F5c616d9db4-1789462598\u002Fai-hacker.en.png"]